Lecture Notes on Bayesian Estimation and Classification
《Lecture Notes on Bayesian Estimation and Classification》 · 第 412 页 · Section 13.5「Automorphism Towers and Complete Groups」，小节「Complete Groups」
A group $G$ is said to be complete if its center and outer automorphism group are both trivial. This is equivalent to requiring that the conjugation map $G\to\operatorname{Aut}G$ be an isomorphism.